Warm the pot: Heat 2 tablespoons olive oil in a large pot or Dutch oven over medium heat.
Sauté the aromatics: Add onion, carrots, and celery. Cook 6–8 minutes, stirring, until the onion is translucent and the edges soften.
Add the bell pepper and cook 2 minutes more.
Add garlic and tomato paste: Stir in the garlic and cook 30 seconds until fragrant. Add tomato paste and cook 1–2 minutes to caramelize slightly.
Bloom the spices: Sprinkle in cumin, smoked paprika, coriander, and red pepper flakes (if using). Stir for 30 seconds to release their aroma.
Build the base: Pour in crushed tomatoes and scrape up any browned bits.
Add the broth, chickpeas, potatoes, and bay leaf. Stir to combine.
Simmer: Bring to a gentle boil, then reduce heat to low. Cover and simmer 20–25 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the potatoes are tender and flavors meld.
Add greens: Stir in kale or spinach.
Simmer uncovered 3–5 minutes, until wilted and tender.
Finish bright: Remove the bay leaf. Stir in lemon juice and half the herbs. Taste and season with salt and black pepper.
Serve: Ladle into bowls and top with remaining herbs.
Add a drizzle of olive oil or a pinch of lemon zest if you like. Serve with crusty bread, rice, couscous, or quinoa.