Preheat and prep: Heat your oven to 375°F (190°C). Line a 12-cup muffin tin with paper liners or grease well.
Whisk dry ingredients: In a large bowl, whisk 1 1/2 cups flour, 1/2 cup protein powder, 1 1/2 teaspoons baking powder, 1/2 teaspoon baking soda, and 1/2 teaspoon salt.
If your protein powder is very sweet, reduce the sugar slightly in the next step.
Mix wet ingredients: In a separate bowl, whisk 2/3 cup sugar, 3/4 cup Greek yogurt, 1/2 cup milk, 2 large eggs, 1/4 cup oil, 1 tablespoon lemon zest, 2 tablespoons lemon juice, and 1 teaspoon vanilla until smooth.
Combine gently: Pour the wet mixture into the dry. Stir with a spatula just until no dry streaks remain. The batter will be thick.
Avoid overmixing for a tender crumb.
Fold in berries: Toss 1 to 1 1/4 cups blueberries with 1 teaspoon flour to help prevent sinking, then gently fold them into the batter. If using frozen berries, fold straight from the freezer.
Fill the pan: Divide the batter among the muffin cups, filling each about 3/4 full. For a bakery-style top, mound the batter slightly.
Sprinkle with turbinado sugar if you like a crunchy lid.
Bake: Bake 16–20 minutes, or until the tops are set and lightly golden and a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean or with a few moist crumbs.
Cool: Let muffins cool in the pan for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack. Cool at least 10 more minutes before eating to set the crumb.
Optional glaze: For extra lemon pop, whisk 1/3 cup powdered sugar with 1–2 teaspoons lemon juice to drizzle over cooled muffins.